logical consistency – Hossein Jorjani

Excursus 132 – On Wittgenstein’s Ladder, Russell’s Paradox, and the Liar Paradox

Hossein Jorjani First publication: 2026 – 08 – 06 A peculiar difficulty arises whenever a statement, rule, or theory is allowed to apply to itself. The liar paradox, Russell’s paradox, and Wittgenstein’s ladder all involve forms of such self-application and are therefore naturally compared. Yet they should not be regarded as versions of the sameContinue reading “Excursus 132 – On Wittgenstein’s Ladder, Russell’s Paradox, and the Liar Paradox”