These are my thoughts on rebuilding social democracy from first principles — that is, by returning to the history of Social Democracy and re-examining each decisive choice that was made. Some of these choices were sound, while others were less so.
I first wrote this article in English, and then translated it into Swedish and Farsi. Here, you will find three PDF files, one for each language.
English version: 2025-10-15
Swedish version: 2025-10-15
Farsi version: 2025-10-15
Hossein Jorjani 